Artaxerxes I
Definition
Proper noun: - Artaxerxes I: A king of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia who reigned from 465–424 BC. He is historically noted for his relatively peaceful reign and for his decree which permitted the Jewish people to rebuild Jerusalem and practice their religion, as recorded in the biblical books of Ezra and Nehemiah.
Usage
- As a subject:
- In historical context:
- For identification:
Advanced Usage
- "Longimanus": Artaxerxes I is often referred to by the epithet Artaxerxes I Longimanus, meaning "long-handed," which is used by historians to distinguish him from later kings of the same name.
- The policies of Artaxerxes I Longimanus helped stabilize the western provinces of the Persian Empire.
Variants and Related Words
- Artaxerxes: The name itself, meaning "whose reign is through truth." Other Persian kings also bore this name, such as Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III.
- Achaemenid: Referring to the dynasty and empire ruled by Artaxerxes I.
- The Achaemenid Empire was vast, and Artaxerxes I was one of its later rulers.
Synonyms
- Artaxerxes Longimanus: The full historical name with its distinguishing epithet.
- The Persian King (in biblical context): When the specific historical context of Ezra-Nehemiah is clear, he may be referred to generally as the Persian king who authorized the rebuilding.
Related Phrases and Contexts
- Decree of Artaxerxes: A specific phrase referring to the official permission he granted, which was crucial for Jewish history.
- The rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls proceeded under the Decree of Artaxerxes.
- Contemporary of Nehemiah/Ezra: A common way to place him in a biblical and historical timeline.
- The prophet Ezra returned to Jerusalem during the reign of Artaxerxes I.
Noun
-
king of Persia who sanctioned the practice of Judaism in Jerusalem (?-424 BC)
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